浅谈火力发电厂化水除盐处理技术的优化

火力发电厂化水系统传统的除盐技术有活性炭吸附和离子交换法，该工艺除盐原理简单，技术成熟，近年来随着工艺的发展，以超滤、反渗透及EDI为核心的全膜处理技术开始兴起，具有操作简单、出水率高及二次污染小的特点。以绍兴市清能环保有限公司为例，对传统和优化两套工艺的处理过程进行研究分析，对比适用条件和优缺点，为化水系统的日常运行提供理论指导。     

FPGA互连测试中的反馈桥接故障覆盖问题

现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)内部资源众多,其中互连资源出现故障的概率远远高于片内其他资源,而在以往许多互连测试研究中,所生成的测试配置存在无法覆盖反馈桥接故障的难题,所以较难有测试配置实现故障列表的100%覆盖。因此通过约束桥接故障只发生在单个查找表(LUT)内的信号线上,并结合单项函数,对反馈桥接故障模型进行优化改进,从根本上解决难题；然后对优化后的反馈桥接故障设置相应的约束条件,再使用布尔可满足性理论(SAT)生成满足约束条件的测试配置。采用优化后的故障模型对ISCAS"89基准电路进行了测试配置生成实验,结果表明生成的测试向量解决了反馈桥接故障的覆盖难题,并且在实现故障列表的100%覆盖下,优化后的故障模型所需要的测试配置数最少。     

货车转向架服役期间车辆安全性演变规律研究

针对影响车辆运行性能的关键尺寸和参数,结合运用磨耗规律对转向架现场调研的结果,以C70型敞车为研究对象开展动力学仿真分析计算,确定转向架服役性能演变规律,以及转向架服役期间车辆安全性指标变化情况。结果表明:随着服役时间的增加,车辆在直线行驶时的各安全性指标均增大,但安全性指标值满足国内相关标准,当车辆参数达到检修限值时,车辆在高速行驶时会出现脱轨风险;而随着服役时间的增加,车辆的曲线通过性会出现一定程度的先转好再恶化的过程,这是由于车轮在磨耗后,等效锥度增大而导致,同时车辆在空车和重车工况下,安全性演变规律相似。     

简谈涉外项目电气设计

结合乌兹别克斯坦塔什干新城项目的设计过程及一些其他援外设计项目的经验,总结涉外项目电气设计的要点,为涉外项目的电气设计提供参考依据.     

Anchoring single Pt atoms on hollow Ag3VO4 spheres for improved activity towards photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction

The high cost of noble metal catalysts has been a great bottleneck for the catalyst industry. Using the noble metal at a single-atom level for catalytic applications could dramatically decrease the cost. The impacts of single Pt atoms on the photocatalytic performance of Ag₃VO₄ have been investigated and reported. In this report, single Pt atoms were anchored on the surface of Ag₃VO₄ (AVO) as a cocatalyst, and the resultant composite photocatalyst has been studied for photocatalytic H₂ production from water driven by visible light. The as-prepared AVO particles are hollow nanospheres in the monoclinic phase with a bandgap of 2.20 eV. The light absorption edge of AVO/Pt is slightly red-shifted compared to that of the pristine AVO, indicating more visible light absorption of AVO/Pt. The XPS peaks of Ag, V, and Pt exhibit a significant shift after AVO and Pt get into contact, suggesting the strong interaction between the surface Ag and V atoms, and single Pt atoms. After 3-h illumination, the photocatalytic H₂ evolution amount from AVO/Pt is improved up to 1400 μmol, which is 2.8 times that on the bare AVO. Such efficient photocatalytic H₂ evolution on AVO/Pt is still maintained after five reaction cycles. The better photocatalytic performance of AVO/Pt has been attributed to the more efficient visible light utilization and the lower interfacial charge transfer resistance, as demonstrated in the DRS and EIS spectra. The presence of the surface Pt atoms also leads to a higher amount of reactive radicals, which could efficiently promote the surface redox reactions.     

Compression properties of gas diffusion layers and its constitutive model under cyclic loading

The compressive deformation of gas diffusion layer (GDL), which is highly nonlinear and related to the loading history, affects the performance of PEM fuel cell stacks. However, linear elastic models are widely used. In this study, a new nonlinear constitutive model is proposed to describe the compression properties. Macroscopic studies reveal that GDL has different mechanical properties during the first and repeated compression stages. Besides, the tangent modulus has a significant linear relationship with stress. The constitutive model can be rebuilt using the micro-mechanical theory of fiber assemblies by considering the bending of carbon fibers. Furthermore, a prediction method is proposed to describe cyclic compression behavior. The prediction results fit well with the test results with an average and maximum relative error of less than 5.30% and 18.13%, respectively. These conclusions are beneficial to the design of GDL with specific mechanical properties and the real-time analysis of PEM fuel cell.     

In-situ self-reconstruction of Ni–Fe–Al hybrid phosphides nanosheet arrays enables efficient oxygen evolution in alkaline

Developing efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts with earth-abundant elements is very important for sustainable H₂ generation via electrochemical water splitting. Here we design a crystalline-amorphous Ni–Fe–Al hybrid phosphides nanosheet arrays grown on NiFe foam for efficient OER application. Dynamic surface reorganization of phosphides at anodic/cathodic polarizations is probed by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The reconstructed amorphous Ni(Fe)OOH species are determined as the active phases that facilitate the OER process. This unique electrode shows highly catalytic activity toward water oxidation, achieving the current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm^?2 at 181 and 214 mV in 1 M KOH, respectively. Meanwhile, it also exhibits excellent stability at a large current density of 100 mA cm^?2 for over 60 h. This work reveals the dynamic structural transformation of pre-catalyst in realistic conditions and highlights the important role of oxyhydroxides as real reactive species in OER process with high activity.     

传统聚居建筑的装配构件及其语汇设计研究 ——以蒙古包为例

随着草原旅游经济的发展,传统蒙古包在结构强度、空间舒适度和文化符号传承等方面已经无法满足当今旅游业建设需求.通过对传统蒙古包结构进行分析,在保留原有建筑文化特点的基础上,提出新型蒙古包结构设计方案.建筑材料有自重轻、可重复利用等优点,同时各个构件预制装配化,便于现场安装、拆卸和运输.设计方案不仅能满足内蒙古旅游建设需求,而且有望为蒙古包预制装配化提供一些设计思路.